Maria-Theresien Castle

The Maria-Theresien-Schlössel is a historic building in the 19th district of Vienna, Döbling, at Hofzeile 18–20. The small palace was built in 1745 as a pleasure palace for the imperial regent Maria Theresia in the Rococo style and has been owned by the City of Vienna since 1939.

From 1912–14, the Maria-Theresien-Schlössel was expanded by the Nathaniel Freiherr von Rothschild'sche Stiftung für Nervenkranke (Nathaniel Baron von Rothschild Foundation for Nervous Diseases) into a sanatorium with 66 beds for people with nervous disorders. Famous neurologists such as Josef Gerstmann and Viktor Frankl worked here. In 1914, the Rothschild Foundation made the hospital available to the Imperial and Royal Ministry of War; its capacity was expanded to 200 as part of the Kaiser-Jubiläums-Spital (Emperor's Jubilee Hospital), but from 1915 it was run as an independent special hospital by the Red Cross for military personnel with nerve injuries and nervous diseases. After the war, normal operations resumed until the Rothschild Foundation was dissolved during the Anschluss. Although the foundation was re-established in 1956, the Schlössel remained in city ownership.

In 2003, the neurological hospital, known as the Neurologisches Zentrum - Rothschildstiftung - Maria-Theresien-Schlössel of the Wiener Krankenanstaltenverbund (KAV), relocated to the Otto-Wagner-Spital. The City of Vienna handed over the building to the then newly founded Lauder Business School, and it is also operated as a summer student dormitory by the Vienna International College.